Central venous pressure CVP

Central venous pressure (CVP) describes the pressure of blood in the thoracic vena cava, near the right atrium of the heart. CVP reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into the arterial system. It is a good approximation of right atrial pressure, which is a major determinant of right ventricular end diastolic volume. Normal CVP is 4-8 cm H20.



CVP can be measured by connecting the patient's central venous catheter to a special infusion set which is connected to a small diameter water column. If the water column is calibrated properly the height of the column indicates the CVP.

CVP= Central Venous Pressure

Normal level = 0 to 5 cm H2o at sternal angel or 5 to 15 cm H2o at mid axilla line

Used for :
1- Measurement of cvp .
2- Indicator of heart effectiveness as a pump .
3- Circulating blood volume .
4- Patient's respons to treatment .
5- Diagnosis e.g evidence of underlying cardiac pathology such as ((Heart Failure)) .
6- Fluids adminstration .

Types : Single or multi lumen catheter .

Sites of catheter :
1- Subclavian .
2- Jugular internal or external .
3- femoral .
4- Median basilic vien .
5- Bracheal vien.



Complications :

1- Pnuemo or hemopnuemothorax caused by puncture of lung .
2- Cardiac tamponade caused by puncture of heart .
3- Cardiac dysrhythmia from over inseration of catheter to right atrium .
4- Misplacmen .
5- Infection .
6- Air embolism .
7- Abnormal cardiac rhythms due ro rapid cold infusion .
8- Hemorrhage .

مع حبي ................ضمااد مجروح